THE UNSEEN COST OF WEIGHT LOSS: PREVENTING VISION LOSS IN THE GLP-1 ERA

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, especially Semaglutide, are globally used to treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus because they offer important metabolic and cardiovascular benefits. Recent studies suggest a link between these drugs and Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy, which can cause permanent vision loss. The rapid changes in metabolism and blood flow induced by GLP-1 receptor agonists might reduce blood supply to the optic nerve, especially in people with risk factors such as a crowded optic disc. The risk appears to be greatest at the initial phase of treatment; yet, routine eye examinations and screening are not currently advised by the prescribers. As the global use of GLP-1 receptor agonists increases, even infrequent adverse effects may become a public health concern. This underscores the necessity of preventive measures, including assessing ocular health before initiating treatment and providing patients with enhanced information, to ensure the safe and effective use of these medications.