Pattern of Various Types of Isolated Patent Ductus Arteriosus on The Basis of Echocardiographic Examination among Various Age Groups in Tertiary Care Hospital Peshawar

Abstract

Background: By 72 hours after birth, nearly 100% of term infants should have complete anatomical closure of the ductus arteriosus When the ductus arteriosus fails to close within 72 hours after birth, it is referred to as a "Patent Ductus Arteriosus" (PDA). Isolated / uncomplicated PDA is defined as uncomplicated / isolated PDA with no duct dependent circulation, no signs of pulmonary vascular obstructive disease. According to krichenko angiographic classification types of PDA are classified using lateral aortography into five types. Type A “Conical ductus” (most common) Type B “Window ductus type” Type C “Tubular ductus type” Type D “Saccular ductus type” Type E “Elongated ductus type”. We determine the pattern of various type of PDA on echocardiographic examination. The echocardiography is the gold standard and reliable tool for diagnosing PDA. Objectives: To Determine Frequency of Various Type of Isolated Patent Ductus Arteriosus on The Basis of Echocardiographic Examination Among Various Age Groups in Tertiary Care Hospital. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional was conducted at the Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar (LRH). This study examined 101 children who had isolated PDA. The pediatricians at the same hospital handled the follow-up. The time duration of the study was from May 2023 to October 2023. Result: With a total size n= 101(100%) participants were observed in our study who met all our inclusion criteria. Out of total sample size male participant were n=51(50.5%) while female participant was n=50 (49.5%). The age of participant was distributed into three groups (1, 2, 3). Group 1 (less than 01 year) 42.6%. Group 2 (01 to 05 year) 45.5%. and Group 3 (05 to 10 years) 11.95%. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of upper limb saturation was 93.32+5.48 and lower limb saturation was 91.72+ 7.83. Different types of PDA were observed, Types A, B, C, D, and E are conical, window, tubular, complicated, and elongated, respectively. so, our aim was to determine the pattern of different types of PDA at LRH Peshawar. In our data collection the most common type of PDA was type A with a percentage of 61.4%. size of PDA was observed, moderate size of PDA was common among predefine age groups patient, percentage of moderate sized PDA was 55.4%