Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Parkinson’s Disease and Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19245177

Abstract

Neurodegenerative and peripheral nerve disorders are massive health burden in the world with few alternatives on the early diagnosis and disease-teaching therapies. Parkinson Disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is associated with the destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra which results in motor and non-motor disabilities. On the same note, Peripheral Neuropathy is a set of diseases that cause the destruction of peripheral nerves leading to the loss of sensory, pains and motor abilities. New molecular data suggests that non coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important regulatory factors of genes expression and neuronal maintenance. This is a systematic review on ncRNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in Parkinson disease and peripheral neuropathy. The literature search has been performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google scholar in order to get the most recent publications published between 2010 and 2024 according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items to Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses) guidelines. There were fourteen studies that were included. The lateral regulation of neuronal apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction were regularly reported to be regulated by several ncRNAs such as miR-7, miR-124, miR-34a, and lncRNA MALAT1. Such results indicate that ncRNAs have potential in diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Nonetheless, they need more clinical validation and cohort studies to be done on a large scale to establish their translational capability.