FACTORS AND BARRIERS AFFECTING DELAYED HOSPITAL ARRIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION FOR PCI IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL PESHAWAR

Abstract

This study looks at the causes and obstacles that delay patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in Peshawar from arriving at the hospital for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It was carried out in a Peshawar tertiary care hospital and was cross-sectional in nature. 227 patients who received an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) diagnosis between July and November of 2024 made up the study population. For the in effect effective programs to spike public awareness about symptom recognition and the importance of timely medical intervention, particularly among the elderly Various socio-demographic, physiological, psychological, and clinical factors contribute to delayed treatment-seeking behavior. Socio-demographic determinants include advanced age, male gender, low education level, and low income. Physiological and environmental factors such as reliance on private transportation, living alone, and residing in impoverished or rural areas further exacerbate delays. Psychological and behavioral factors, including hesitation, uncertainty, reluctance, and self-management tendencies, also play a significant role. Additionally, clinical factors such as the absence of prior cardiac history, the existence of hypertension or diabetic mellitus, and the occurrence of mild, atypical, or inconsistent symptoms contribute to treatment delays.

These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive public health interventions, improved ambulance services, and educational campaigns to enhance awareness of acute myocardial infarction symptoms. Strengthening these measures is essential for ensuring timely medical care and improving patient outcomes.