A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study to Assess Nurses’ Knowledge and Practices Regarding the Care of Thalassemia Major Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: Thalassemia major is a chronic hereditary blood disorder requiring lifelong management, regular blood transfusions, and comprehensive nursing care. Nurses play a vital role in monitoring patients, preventing complications, and promoting adherence to treatment. Adequate knowledge and appropriate clinical practices are essential for ensuring high-quality care for patients with thalassemia major.

Aim: To assess nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding the care of patients with thalassemia major and determine the association between demographic characteristics and levels of knowledge and practice.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 140 registered nurses working in pediatric, oncology, and other clinical departments. Participants were selected using a convenient sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire assessing demographic characteristics, knowledge, and practices related to thalassemia major care. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests.

Results: The findings showed that 55 (39.3%) nurses had good knowledge, 50 (35.7%) had moderate knowledge, and 35 (25.0%) had poor knowledge regarding thalassemia major care. Good practice was observed among 80 (60.2%) nurses, while 53 (39.8%) demonstrated poor practice. Educational qualification, clinical experience, and department showed significant associations with knowledge and practice levels (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Nurses demonstrated moderate to good knowledge and practices regarding thalassemia major care. Professional factors significantly influenced competency levels. Continuous educational programs and specialized training are recommended to enhance nurses’ knowledge and clinical practices.