Optimization of perfusion parameters and Comoridities during cardiac surgery: Analysis of post operative complications

Abstract

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has made open heart surgery possible, but is also associated with complications of systemic inflammation and hemoglobin dilution. It is important to take care of the parameters of the perfusion (flow rate, pressure, temperature, hemoglobin level), to avoid postoperative complications such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and neurologic dysfunction. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of IOPM on the postoperative recovery and to determine the target range for optimal perfusion to ensure patient safety and recovery.A retrospective observational study was conducted in 289 patients who underwent OHS. Data obtained from the perfusion records were analyzed using SPSS 27 with descriptive statistics, t-test and chi-square test. The morbidity after surgery in the studied population was 27.3% for mortality, 26.3% for neurological dysfunction and 22.8% for AKI. Preoperative chronic conditions, like kidney disease and diabetes, as well as intra-operative factors, such as long CPB time, high pCO₂ and low venous oxygen saturation, were associated with complications. Strict control of comorbidities and optimization of the key perfusion parameters: pCO₂, pump time and oxygen delivery should minimize life-threatening complications. This is one of the most important methods of improving the chances of recovery and survival for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.