ESTIMATION OF RENAL FUNCTION TEST AMONG TYPE I DIABETIC PATIENT AT DARWESH DIABETES INSTITUTE AND RESEARCH CENTER PABBI NOWSHERA

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with several long-term complications, including diabetic nephropathy, which is a major cause of chronic kidney disease and renal failure. The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate renal function tests among Type I diabetic patients visiting Darwesh Diabetes Institute and Research Center, Pabbi Nowshera, from June 1, 2024, to July 1, 2024. A total of 35 insulin-dependent male Type I diabetic patients of different age groups were included in the study. Patients with known chronic kidney disease and those unwilling to participate were excluded. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for serum urea and creatinine levels using the Micro Lab 300 biochemical analyzer. The results showed that the majority of participants belonged to the age group of 37–48 years (42.9%), followed by 25–36 years (31.4%) and 49–60 years (25.7%). Creatinine analysis revealed that 37.1% of patients had serum creatinine levels of 0.8 mg/dl, while 34.3% showed 1.0 mg/dl levels. Urea estimation demonstrated that most participants (68.6%) had serum urea levels ranging from 26–32 mg/dl. Correlation analysis indicated relatively higher creatinine and urea levels among older age groups, particularly patients aged 49–60 years, suggesting increased risk of renal impairment with advancing age. The study concludes that although most Type I diabetic patients maintained relatively normal renal function parameters, a considerable proportion exhibited elevated urea and creatinine levels indicating possible early renal impairment. Regular monitoring of renal function tests and early preventive strategies are essential to reduce the progression of diabetic nephropathy and improve patient outcomes among Type I diabetic patients.