Determining The Prevalence of Right Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients Having Pulmonary Hypertension in Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66021/pakmcr713Keywords:
Pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular dysfunction, Diabetes mellitus, right ventricular hypertrophy, Tricuspid regurgitationAbstract
Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a major determinant of prognosis in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with structural and functional cardiac changes, which may exacerbate RV impairment in PH patients. However, the frequency and extent of RV dysfunction in diabetic versus non-diabetic PH patients remains underexplored.
Objective: To determine the frequency of right ventricular dysfunction in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with pulmonary hypertension.
Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the Cardiology Department of Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, over a period of three months. A total of 353 patients aged 20–65 years with PH were included using a convenient non-probability sampling technique. Patients with congenital heart disease or who were non-cooperative were excluded. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 2022. RV dysfunction was assessed in terms of right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), tricuspid regurgitation (TR), and pulmonary regurgitation (PR).
Results: Among 353 participants, 191 (54.1%) were diabetic and 162 (45.9%) were non-diabetic. Male patients comprised 63.46% and females 36.54% of the study population. RV dysfunction, including RVH and TR, was significantly more frequent in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients (p < 0.05). Diabetic PH patients demonstrated higher prevalence of structural and functional RV impairment, highlighting the additive effect of diabetes on right ventricular pathology in PH.
Conclusion: Patients with diabetes and pre-existing pulmonary hypertension are more likely to develop right ventricular dysfunction compared to non-diabetic PH patients. Early recognition and monitoring of RV function in this population is critical to improve clinical outcomes.
