Role of Core Stabilization Exercises in Managing Lumbar Disc Herniation

Abstract

Lumbar disc herniation is one of the most common causes of low back pain and functional disability, affecting individuals’ daily activities and quality of life. Physiotherapy plays a vital role in the conservative management of this condition, with core stabilization exercises increasingly being used to improve spinal stability and reduce symptoms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of core stabilization exercises in managing lumbar disc herniation, particularly in reducing pain and improving functional ability among patients. A quasi-experimental study design was used, and a total of 35 participants diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation were included through a convenience sampling technique. Baseline assessments were conducted using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for functional disability. Participants underwent a structured core stabilization exercise program, including abdominal bracing, pelvic tilts, bridging, planks, and bird-dog exercises. The intervention was carried out for 4–6 weeks under the supervision of a physiotherapist. Post-treatment assessments were conducted using the same outcome measures to evaluate changes in pain and disability levels. The results showed a significant reduction in pain intensity and improvement in functional ability following the intervention. The mean pain and disability scores decreased notably after the completion of the exercise program, indicating the effectiveness of core stabilization exercises in the rehabilitation process. These findings suggest that strengthening the core muscles enhances spinal stability and reduces stress on the lumbar spine, leading to better clinical outcomes. In conclusion, core stabilization exercises are an effective physiotherapy intervention for managing lumbar disc herniation and improving patient recovery. Incorporating these exercises into rehabilitation programs may help reduce pain, enhance functional performance, and promote long-term spinal health.