Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Prevention By Diet Modification

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are problems that affect the heart and blood vessels. In the world, CVD is the leading cause of death for both men and women. The aim of this study is to assess the role of diet in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and to understand how dietary habits influence the risk and prevention of CVD. This study is based on descriptive and crosssectional data collected from a wide range of samples. This study was conducted at the visiting OPD and Emergency department of Faisal Medical Complex, district Khyber bara bazar. In this study, data was collected from 139 patients aged between 20 to 75 years who presented with at least one cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, or prediabetes etc. Out of the total (139) patients, 88 patients were male, and 51 patients were female, indicating that more males were affected than females. This study found a strong indication that dietary quality plays a chief role in both the development and prevention of cardiovascular disease. High-quality dietary patterns, mostly those which are rich in plant based foods such as vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, seeds, and whole grains, are associated with significantly lower risks of CVD events. Planned diets like the Mediterranean and DASH diets show clear benefits in reducing blood pressure and improving lipid profiles. In conclusion, this study underscores the powerful impact of diet quality on cardiovascular health. In a result improving diet quality through evidence based, planned dietary interventions offers one of the most effective and sustainable strategies for reducing CVD and global burden of cardiovascular disease.

Keywords:  Cardiovascular disease (CVD), Diet and heart health, Dietary pattern.