Prevalence And Associated Risk Factors Of Postoperative Sore Throat Following General Anesthesia

Abstract

Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a frequent complication following general anesthesia, particularly with tracheal intubation. Although often considered minor, POST significantly affects patient comfort and satisfaction. Its incidence and associated risk factors vary widely, and data from developing countries remain limited.

Objective: To determine the incidence of postoperative sore throat and identify associated risk factors among patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, over a period of 4–6 months. A total of 196 patients aged 10–65 years, classified as ASA I–III, undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway were included. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables. POST was assessed within 24 hours after surgery. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, and associations were evaluated using the Chi-square test, with a p-value < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: The incidence of postoperative sore throat was 18.4% (n=36). POST was significantly more common in females than males (35.4% vs. 9.9%, p < 0.001). A strong association was observed between higher Mallampati classification and POST, with all patients in Mallampati Classes II and III developing sore throat (p < 0.001). Longer duration of anesthesia was also significantly associated with POST (p < 0.001). The majority of patients had first-attempt intubation and received preventive measures, including airway lubrication.

Conclusion: Postoperative sore throat remains a common complication after general anesthesia. Female gender, higher Mallampati score, and prolonged anesthesia duration were significant risk factors. Optimized airway assessment and routine preventive airway management strategies can effectively reduce the incidence of POST.