CORRELATION OF SEROLOGICAL MARKERS WITH HEMATOLOGICAL ALTERATION IN NS1 POSITIVE DENGUE PATIENTS

Abstract

Dengue fever is caused from a viral infection from a mosquito bite that has serious impacts on the blood systems of the body, and the severity of the infection is different between first and second occurrences of the disease. As a result, features of these disease manifestations are important for fast, accurate, and efficient disease control. The current cross-sectional study aimed by observing the hematological changes, and the changes were compared to hematological changes of serological markers (IgM and IgG) found in the blood of NS1 dengue positive patients. One hundred NS1 dengue positive patients were assessed. Kuwait Teaching Hospital Peshawar was and is the location of the study. The demographics, serological status, and hematological indices were captured and analyzed using SPSS V.27. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of the study sample, 58 were male (58%) and 42 (42% of the sample) female, and the mean age was 29.1 (SD 8.9 years). The serological study found that for 42% of the study subjects, the dengue infection was primary while for the remaining 58%, the dengue infection was found to be a secondary infection. Hematological analysis presented that the majority of patients advanced thrombocytopenia (mean platelet count 103.5 ± 45.8 ×10³/µL) and leukopenia (mean WBC 3.3 ± 1.3 ×10³/µL), although red cell indices largely continued within normal ranges. Proportional analysis recognized that secondary dengue infections were related with significantly inferior platelet (87.4 vs 125.9 ×10³/µL) and WBC counts (3.0 vs 3.7 ×10³/µL) associated to main infections. Association analysis further revealed a significant negative association between WBC count and both IgM (r = –0.237, p = 0.018) and IgG (r = –0.324, p = 0.001), as well as between lymphocyte count and both IgM (r = –0.205, p = 0.041) and IgG (r = –0.279, p = 0.005). Platelet amount also shows a statistically significant but weak negative association with both antibody markers.             

Key words: Dengue Fever, hematological parameters, Serological markers.