Obstetrical Complications in Grand Multipara at Shaikh Zaid Women Hospital, Larkana

Abstract

Grand multiparity, commonly defined as parity of five or more, remains a significant obstetric concern in developing countries, including Pakistan. It is often associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity due to biological, socioeconomic, and healthcare-related factors. To determine the frequency and pattern of obstetrical complications among grand multiparous women at Shaikh Zaid Women Hospital, Larkana. This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Shaikh Zaid Women Hospital, Larkana. Pregnant women identified as grand multipara were enrolled using a non-probability sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured proforma including demographic characteristics, obstetrical history, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Common complications assessed included anemia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean section rate, preterm delivery, and low birth weight. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with results presented as frequencies, percentages, and appropriate inferential statistics. A high frequency of obstetrical complications was observed among grand multiparous women. Maternal complications such as anemia, postpartum hemorrhage, and hypertensive disorders were prominent. Grand multiparity is associated with an increased risk of adverse obstetrical outcomes in the studied population. Early antenatal care, effective family planning, and targeted clinical management are essential to reduce complications and improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes.