NURSES’ KNOWLEDGE OF NEGATIVE PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY FOR DEEP STERNAL WOUND INFECTIONS IN A TERTIARY CARDIAC CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Background: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is an evidence-based technique used in managing complex wounds, particularly deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) following cardiac surgery. Although NPWT improves healing outcomes, its effectiveness depends largely on nurses’ knowledge and clinical competence. Limited evidence exists regarding nurses’ knowledge of NPWT in Pakistan, highlighting the need for assessment in tertiary care settings.

Research Objectives: To assess nurses’ NPWT knowledge for DSWI management and associated demographic factors in a tertiary cardiac care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.

Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 nurses working in the Operating Theater (OT), Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU), Surgical High Dependency Unit (SHDU), and surgical wards. Data were collected using a validated structured questionnaire consisting of demographic items and a 10-item NPWT knowledge scale (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.92). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22, applying descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: Among the participants, 42% demonstrated poor knowledge, 35% had average knowledge, and 23% showed good knowledge of NPWT. No significant association was observed between NPWT knowledge levels, gender, or educational qualification. However, significant associations were found with working department, clinical experience with NPWT, and self-perceived knowledge (p < 0.05). None of the participants had received formal NPWT training.

Conclusion: Nurses’ knowledge regarding NPWT for DSWI management was suboptimal. The findings highlight the need for structured NPWT training programs, increased clinical exposure, and integration of NPWT competency development into continuous professional development initiatives to improve nursing preparedness and support safe wound management practices