IMPACT OF ORAL SURGERY ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN ELDERLY PATIENTS: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY PROTOCOL

Abstract

Background

The global population is aging rapidly, leading to an increased demand for healthcare services tailored to older adults. Oral health is a critical component of general well-being and significantly influences nutrition, communication, self-esteem, and social engagement. Elderly individuals frequently experience oral conditions such as tooth loss, periodontal disease, chronic pain, and impaired mastication, all of which can adversely affect their quality of life (QoL). Oral surgical procedures, including tooth extractions and dental implant placement, are commonly performed to alleviate pain, restore oral function, and improve overall well-being. However, evidence regarding the impact of oral surgery on QoL among elderly populations remains limited, particularly in developing countries.

Objective

To evaluate the impact of oral surgical procedures on quality of life among elderly patients and to assess the influence of systemic comorbidities on postoperative recovery and treatment outcomes.

Methods

A prospective cohort study will be conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Watim Dental Hospital, Rawalpindi. A total of 120 patients aged 60 years and older undergoing oral surgical procedures will be recruited. Participants will be assessed preoperatively, at 2 weeks postoperatively, and at 3 months postoperatively. Quality of life will be evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) or Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Pain will be measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while chewing ability, social interaction, and patient satisfaction will be assessed using validated questionnaires. Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS software.

Expected Results

The study is expected to demonstrate significant improvements in oral health-related quality of life, pain reduction, chewing efficiency, social interaction, and patient satisfaction following oral surgical interventions.

Conclusion

Findings from this study may provide evidence supporting the role of oral surgery in improving quality of life among elderly individuals and guide clinicians in optimizing treatment planning for patients with systemic comorbidities.