Post-Operative Pain Management In Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Opioids And Non-Opioids

Abstract

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a less invasive surgical method used for removing the gallbladder preferred over open surgery due to fewer complications and faster recovery. However, managing post-operative pain continues to be a major challenge affecting patient comfort, discharge time, and overall recovery. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of opioid and non-opioid analgesics to determine the optimal pain management strategy. The objective of this study is post-operative pain management in Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (opioids and non-opioids. This study was conducted in services hospital and CMA hospital in Lahore, including 100 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and received post-operative pain management. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and patient medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software to evaluate pain intensity, analgesic effectiveness, and associated side effects. Findings indicate that multimodal analgesia, combining opioids and non-opioids, is more effective than single-agent therapy. Non-opioid agents, such as NSAIDs significantly reduce opioid dependency and reduce side effects like nausea, vomiting, and sedation. Regional anesthesia techniques also contribute to better post-operative pain control and minimize opioid consumption. This study concludes that a multimodal approach is the most effective strategy for post-operative pain management after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It not only reduces opioid-related complications but also enhances patient recovery and discharge processes. Further research is needed to develop personalized pain management protocols that cater to individual patient needs.

Key words: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, post-operative pain, opioids, non-opioids, multimodal analgesia, pain management, regional anesthesia, NSAIDs.