Mineral Composition of Commonly Consumed Fruits and Vegetables in Hyderabad, Sindh

Abstract

Minerals are essential micronutrients that control metabolic balance and cardiovascular physiology. To prevent cardiometabolic illnesses, which are common in Pakistan, adequate dietary intake from natural food sources is essential. In order to evaluate the nutritional value, twelve regularly consumed fruits and vegetables; spinach, carrot, mint, ginger, tomato, ladyfinger, potato, cucumber, apple, banana, grapes, and date were collected from Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan, to determine calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), nickel (Ni), and cobalt (Co) by using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS).  Spinach had the highest calcium content (0.99 mg/g) and banana and grapes had the lowest (0.05 mg/g). Spinach had the highest concentration of magnesium (0.79 mg/g) while mint and ginger had the higher concentration of nickel (0.35 x10⁻³ mg/g) while spinach had the highest concentration of cobalt (0.20 x10⁻⁴ mg/g).  The data showed that mineral content was below WHO toxicity criteria, indicating that it is safe to eat. To support daily mineral requirements and cardiometabolic health in the local population, regular consumption of fruits and vegetables are advised.