Risk Factor Associated With The Development Of Complication After a Hip Fracture

Abstract

Background: Hip fracture has a significant impact on post fracture complications, length of hospital stay, loss of functional status and death, resulting in it being a large health issue particularly in the elderly. Although surgical and peri-surgical care have improved the incidence of complications following a hip fracture surgery remains high and has a negative impact on outcome of recovery. Objective: The study's purpose was to explore risk factors for development of complications following hip fracture and identify those factors which were independent predictors of postoperative complications. Methodology: A prospective observational cohort study was carried out with 250 hip fracture patients who were treated surgically. A structured approach was used to gather Democratically, Clinically, nutritionally, fracture-related and perioperatively related data. Patients were monitored for 30-day post-surgery period and univariate analysis, and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: 56.8% of patients with postoperative complications. Significant independent risk factors for complications were found to be the following: advanced age, frailty, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hypoalbuminemia, delayed surgery, blood transfusion and delayed mobilization. Conclusion: There are several factors that interact with each other and impact postoperative complications following hip fracture surgery. Identification of risk early and effective intervention, optimizing nutrition and effective rehabilitation strategies all can enhance outcome and decrease complication rates.

Keywords: Hip fracture; Postoperative complications; Risk factors; Frailty; Elderly patients; Cohort study; Surgical outcomes.