Impact of Exercise on the Management of Diabetes and Obesity

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of exercise on the management of diabetes and obesity by examining changes in blood sugar levels and abdominal obesity. A quantitative research design with a pre-test and post-test approach was used, involving 30 participants diagnosed with diabetes and obesity. Data were collected on fasting blood glucose (FBG) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference) before and after an exercise intervention. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired sample t-test, and regression analysis through SPSS. The results of the study showed that participants had higher blood sugar levels (M = 165.40, SD = 18.25) and abdominal obesity (M = 102.50, SD = 9.80) before the intervention. After the exercise program, both blood sugar levels (M = 142.20, SD = 16.10) and abdominal obesity (M = 95.30, SD = 8.45) significantly decreased, indicating improved metabolic health. The paired sample t-test confirmed a statistically significant difference between pre- and post-intervention values (p < 0.05). Furthermore, regression analysis revealed that exercise had a significant negative effect on blood sugar levels (β = -0.62, R² = 0.38, p = 0.000) and abdominal obesity (β = -0.55, R² = 0.30, p = 0.001), indicating that increased physical activity was associated with improved health outcomes. The study concluded that exercise is an effective non-pharmacological intervention for managing both diabetes and obesity. In conclusion, regular exercise significantly improves blood glucose regulation and reduces abdominal obesity, highlighting its importance as a key strategy in chronic disease management. It is recommended that exercise be incorporated into routine care plans for individuals with diabetes and obesity to enhance overall health outcomes.