The Role of Doppler Ultrasound in Evaluating Resistant Hypertension Driven by Renal Artery Stenosis among Young Males

Abstract

Background: Young males with underlying renal problems are becoming increasingly concerned with resistant hypertension (RH). RAS causes hindrance of renal perfusion, which induces renin-angiotensin, aldosterone system and worsening of hypertension. Proper diagnosis is very important in order to treat it early. Doppler ultrasound (DUS), has become a non-invasive imaging method that is cost-effective and manageable modality for detecting RAS. Objective:  The purpose of the study is to assess the use of Doppler ultrasound in the identification of renal stenosis of the artery as a condition playing role in resistant hypertension among young men, which highlights its diagnostic validity, feasibility and clinical utility. Methods: The cross-sectional study will be performed with young male patients (25-40 years) with the diagnosis of resistant hypertension. Doppler ultrasound will be done on the participants to determine renal artery stenosis, with peak systolic velocity (PSV), renal-aortic ratio (RAR) and resistive index (RI). Data will be compared to find prevalence of RAS among this population and association between Doppler ultrasound results and such clinical parameters like blood pressure levels and renal functioning experiments. Expected Results: We anticipated that a large percentage of resistant hypertension young men to have Doppler ultrasound results indicating renal artery stenosis. The paper seeks to show how Doppler ultrasound is a reliable diagnostic tool in identifying hemodynamically significant stenosis which may inform early intervention approaches including medical therapy, angioplasty, or surgical repair. Conclusion: Doppler ultrasound is a useful diagnostic test in the assessment of renal artery stenosis in young men with resistant hypertension that is non-invasive. Timely diagnosis of RAS may allow the improvement of hypertension, thus preventing the risks of complications and long-term diseases in the future, including chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events. By incorporating Doppler ultrasound into clinical screening protocols in resistant hypertension, the clinical outcomes can be improved, and a more cost-effective option to more invasive imaging can be achieved.Rathi, N. (2023). Contribution of ultra-processed foods to urban Indian diets. Public Health Nutrition, 26(9), 1905–1916.