The Role of Digital Health Interventions in Managing Chronic Diseases: A Public Health Perspective

Abstract

Background: Chronic diseases are a major source of death and morbidity across the globe and heavy on the pockets of people and health systems. Digital health interventions (DHIs), including mobile apps, wearables, telemedicine and remote monitoring technologies, provide promising tools to optimize self-management of disease, improve outcomes and increase accessibility to care. But their efficacy, availability, and incorporation into public health are still under increasing exploration.

Aim: To tackle this issue, this study aimed to explore the utilization, perceived effectiveness, and barriers of public health–related digital health interventions for chronic diseases.

Method: A mixed-method cross sectional approach was used. A total of 400 patients with chronic diseases were administrated structured questionnaires to collate the data and 20 healthcare professionals were interviewed to obtain qualitative inputs. Frequency was calculated and content was analyzed by thematic analysis.

Results: The majority of respondents claimed to often using mobile health applications (72%) and teleconsultations (65%). More than 70% found benefits in controlling a disease, adherence to medications and adherence to appointments. Perceived advantages were better provider communication and self-management. Key barriers were poor digital literacy, limited internet connectivity, financial considerations, and challenges with integration of the system. Providers also indicated the importance of supports for infrastructure and professional development.

Conclusion: Digital health interventions are an important way to improve chronic disease management. But they will only reach their full potential if we manage to tackle digital divides, enhance the integration of health, care and digital literacy programs within public health and care service systems.