To Investigate The Prevalance And Associative Factores Of Kidney Stone On Ultrasound

Abstract

Background: Kidney stone disease is a common urological condition influenced by multiple metabolic and environmental factors. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of renal calculi detected on ultrasound in patients presenting to hospitals and clinics in Peshawar.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of kidney stones and to evaluate the associated risk factors of renal calculi.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2022 in selected hospitals and clinics of Peshawar, including Rehman Medical Institute. A total of 100 patients aged 15–55 years who presented to the radiology department with complaints suggestive of renal stones were included. Ultrasound examination was performed in the supine position using standard scanning techniques. Data was collected through structured proformas and analyzed to assess prevalence and associated factors.

Results: Among the 100 patients, 55% were male and 45% were female. The highest proportion of patients (50%) belonged to the 25–35 years age group. Kidney stones were confirmed in 50% of cases. Hydronephrosis was observed in 60% of patients, while 45% had a positive family history of renal calculi. Inadequate water intake was reported by 43% of patients, and 68% had urinary tract infections. Hematuria was present in 32% of cases.

Conclusion: Renal ultrasound is an effective and non-invasive modality for detecting kidney stones. The study demonstrates a slightly higher prevalence among males and highlights important associated factors, including family history, low fluid intake, and urinary tract infection. Early detection and risk factor modification are essential for prevention and management of renal calculi.