The Prevalence Of Common Allergy Types Among Karakoram International University Staff And Students Of Gilgit-Baltistan

Abstract

This cross-sectional descriptive survey was carried out to evaluate the prevalence, types, and causative factors of prevalent allergies among Karakoram International University (KIU) students and employees in Gilgit-Baltistan. The study was conducted from March to May 2025. Using a structured, self-administered questionnaire, the study was applied to a randomly drawn sample of 390 subjects from an estimated population of 8,000 at the university. The data were processed using SPSS Version 23, with descriptive statistics at a significance level of p < 0.05.

The results indicated that 32.5% of the population of the university had symptoms of allergies, with the most common types being dermatitis (28.5%), rhinitis (24.1%), and seasonal allergies (20.8%). Dust (30.3%), sunlight (27.7%), and pollen Female respondents (57.9%) and the age group of 20–25 years (84.6%) were affected the most. Positive blood groups, particularly B+ and A+, had a greater incidence of allergic reaction than the negative groups. Allergic history in family was mentioned in 33.1% cases and a formal diagnosis was possible in just 30.3% cases. The majority of participants belonged to Gilgit, followed by Nagar and Ghizer. Lack of vaccination (25.4%), exposure to pollution (34.6%), and unbalanced diet (48.5%) were also contributing factors for allergic results.

The research concludes that allergies are a major health issue among the university population, driven by environmental exposures, genetic factors, and lifestyle. The results emphasize the importance of greater awareness, early diagnosis, and preventive measures designed for the region's specific geographic and environmental setting.