Comparative Assessment of Metformin vs GLP-1 RAs on Triad of Metabolic Syndrome Among Diabetics: An Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic syndrome (MetS) poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating effective management strategies. Among these, MetS plays a pivotal role, not only in glycemic control but also in improving overall patient quality of life. In the two cardinal anti-diabetic modalities entails Metformin and GLP-1 RAs. The impact of such drugs were assessed and compared alone and in combination for cardinal triad of metabolic syndrome among diabetics. Methodology: A total of 30-days observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the Endocrinology Unit of the Tertiary Care Hospital Peshawar. A total of 43 case histories were meticulously collected and analyzed out of total 20 were male and 23 were female. The data of day 1^st and 30^th were compared for three cardinal parameters of MetS like obesity in term of weight in kg, BMI, cholesterol; LDL, and blood glucose in term of HbA1c. A Brown-Forsythe test and One-way ANOVA by using Graph Pad Prism 8.0.2 and Microsoft Excel (Professional Plus 2016) was applied and the p-value < 0.05 was kept standard. Results: Findings of this study indicates that combination therapy involving Metformin and GLP-1 RA drugs yielded a substantial impact on MetS and the p-value based on Brown-Forsythe test was < 0.05. Besides, the impact of alone drugs like Metformin, liraglutide and semaglutide were statistically in-significant (p-value > 0.05) based on One-way ANOVA while significant based on Brown-Forsythe test. These results highlight the potential synergy of combination therapy in achieving remarkable MetS management outcomes for diabetics. Conclusion: In summary, this research contributes valuable gaining a deeper understanding of the multifaceted landscape of MetS in diabetes treatment, emphasizing the potential advantages of personalized treatment strategies and combination therapy.